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Preparation for Holy Communion

Preparation for Holy Communion includes repentance, confession and absolution, bodily cleanliness, fasting, and prayer for worthy participation in Christ’s Body and Blood.[^1][^2][^4][^7]

Also known as: Preparation for Communion · Preparation for the Eucharist

Published 10/2/2026Updated 2 revisionsPage history

Spiritual and bodily preparation

Understanding the Liturgy presents preparation for receiving the Body and Blood of the Lord as a matter of cleanliness in both body and soul: bodily washing and clean clothing accompany repentance and the spiritual cleansing associated with absolution.1

The same work describes the spiritual readiness required before Communion as a “wedding garment”—the heavenly purity first received in baptism and regained through confession and absolution.3

Repentance, confession, and absolution

Preparation for confession begins with acknowledging sin before God and asking for help in overcoming weakness; Understanding the Liturgy describes this initial repentance as completed through confession before one's father in confession.2 Its practical guidance includes:

  • Recalling the sins for which initial repentance has been offered.2
  • Acknowledging sins humbly before the priest rather than making excuses.2
  • Listening to the father in confession’s advice and bowing the head to receive absolution.2
  • Memorizing Psalm 51 and reciting it inaudibly during absolution, which the work recommends as a good practice.2

The work emphasizes confession before Communion and cites the Didache: “On every Lord’s Day, after you have assembled, break the bread and give thanks, first confessing your sins, that your sacrifice may be pure.”3

Fasting and physical readiness

Genuine repentance, physical cleanliness, continence, and purity are requirements for receiving Communion, together with a liturgical fast of at least nine hours beforehand.4 The fast honors the sacrament: the Lord’s Body should enter the Christian’s mouth before other foods.5

Preparation through liturgical prayer

The Lord’s Prayer has a preparatory role in the Eucharist; early commentators particularly emphasized its petitions for forgiveness and for daily, or heavenly, bread.6

Immediately in preparation for Communion, the priest prays that all may be made worthy to partake of Christ’s Holy Body and Precious Blood, asking for purification of souls, bodies, and spirits, forgiveness of sins, and union with Christ as one body and one spirit.7

Communion of the sick

When Communion is administered to a bedridden person or a prisoner, fasting and confession are required “whenever possible.”8

References

Sources

  1. 1.Understanding the Liturgy — Father Athanasius Iskander (p. 82)
    To be ready for receiving the body and the blood of the Lord, one has to be clean, both in body and soul. To be clean in body, we wash and put on clean clothes. To be clean in spirit, one has to wash away his sins through the Sacrament of Repentance, and put on the clean garments which he receives through the absolution.
  2. 2.Understanding the Liturgy — Father Athanasius Iskander (p. 86)
    When we fall into sin, our conscience rebukes us. The first thing we should do is to raise our hearts to God acknowledging our sin and asking for God’s help in overcoming our weakness. This is the first step and is a temporary confession that is complete only when we go to our father in confession. Before we sit to confess, we should prepare ourselves, recalling all the sins for which we have offered this initial repentance. We humbly acknowledge our sins in the presence of the priest, condemning ourselves rather than making excuses. after listening to the advise of our father in confession, w
  3. 3.Understanding the Liturgy — Father Athanasius Iskander (p. 84)
    Before coming to partake of the holy Sacrament, We have to put on the wedding garment, the state of heavenly purity that we first obtained when we were baptized and the same we get when we confess and get the absolution. Saint Paul in warning the Corinthians of the perils of approaching the mysteries unworthily, adds, “For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and many sleep.” (1Cor 11:30-31). Ancient writers of the Church emphasize the necessity of confession before communion, If you approach with purity, you come unto salvation; but if you approach with a guilty conscience, you come
  4. 4.The Coptic Encyclopedia, Volume 2 — Aziz S. Atiya (Editor in Chief) (p. 639)
    The church has laid down certain requirements to be met before receiving communion. A communicant must ensure spiritual preparedness, by showing genuine repentance for previous sins and shortcomings. Physical cleanliness, continence, and purity is equally important, together with a liturgical fast of at least nine hours prior to communion
  5. 5.Understanding the Liturgy — Father Athanasius Iskander (p. 86)
    For thus it was pleasing to the Holy Spirit, through the Apostles, that in honour of so great a Sacrament the Lord’s Body should enter into the mouth of a Christian before other foods, and on that account this practice is observed throughout the whole world.
  6. 6.The Coptic Encyclopedia, Volume 5 — Aziz S. Atiya (Editor in Chief) (p. 319)
    Its suitability for the Eucharist is stressed by early commentators, who lay emphasis on petitions for the forgiveness of sins and, above all, for the daily, or rather heavenly, bread. From Saint JOHN CHRYSOSTOM onward, liturgical commentators in the East have witnessed to its use after the eucharistic prayer as a preparation for Communion.
  7. 7.The Coptic Encyclopedia, Volume 5 — Aziz S. Atiya (Editor in Chief) (p. 542)
    This is the culmination of the eucharistic service, in preparation for which the priest says, "Make us all worthy, O Lord, to partake of Thy Holy Body and Thy Holy Precious Blood, in purification of our souls, our bodies, and our spirits, and forgiveness of our sins and trespasses, that we may become one body and one spirit with Thee. Glory be to Thee, with Thy Good Father and the Holy Spirit, forever. Amen."
  8. 8.The Coptic Encyclopedia, Volume 2 — Aziz S. Atiya (Editor in Chief) (p. 641)
    COMMUNION OF THE SICK, a special rite by which Holy Communion is administered to a bedridden person or to a prisoner in his cell. Fasting and confession are required whenever possible.

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This article was drafted from the sources listed above with AI assistance and reviewed by an editor before publication.